Facts in The Hidden Column
Every number on screen and in the narration, with its source.
| Claim (screen / voice) | Value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Treatment A, all patients | 273 / 350 = 78 % | Charig et al. 1986 (doi:10.1136/bmj.292.6524.879), as tabulated in Wikipedia, "Simpson's paradox": "Both — 78% (273/350)" |
| Treatment B, all patients | 289 / 350 = 83 % | same: "83% (289/350)" |
| Small stones, A / B | 81 / 87 = 93 %, 234 / 270 = 87 % | same: "Group 1: 93% (81/87)", "Group 2: 87% (234/270)" |
| Large stones, A / B | 192 / 263 = 73 %, 55 / 80 = 69 % | same: "Group 3: 73% (192/263)", "Group 4: 69% (55/80)" |
| 700 patients, 350 per treatment | 350 + 350 | sum of the groups above |
| "Most of them [large stones] went to A" | 263 of 343 large stones = 77 % | derived: 263 / (263 + 80) |
| A = open surgery | — | Wikipedia: "Treatment A includes open surgical procedures and Treatment B includes closed surgical procedures"; the paper's title names open surgery and percutaneous nephrolithotomy |
| B = keyhole surgery (PCNL) | — | percutaneous nephrolithotomy, from the paper's title; "keyhole" is our plain-English gloss |
| Small < 2 cm, large ≥ 2 cm | 2 cm | the boundary commonly cited for this dataset; the Wikipedia table does not state it. Check the original paper before reusing it |
| "Success" | — | the study's own outcome measure, shown as success / not; its exact clinical definition is in the original paper |
| Patient order in the blocks, "Patient 104" | — | illustrative: the study reports group counts, not a patient list; the order is seeded (1986) |
PIVOTBY(row_fields, col_fields, values, function) |
— | a real spreadsheet function name and argument order; no product is named |